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What is the pathophysiology of macrophage development?
Date:2023-01-06
The pathophysiology of macrophage development involves several steps:
1) In the initial stage, the MHC II receptors located on the surface of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) detect pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) or endogenous molecules.
2) When a PAMP or an endogenous molecule is detected, APCs secrete inflammatory cytokines and chemokines that bind to and activate the MHC II receptor on the macrophages.
3) This activates the NF-κB signaling pathway, resulting in an increase in the expression of certain surface molecules, such as Toll-like receptors, cluster of differentiation molecules, and chemokine receptors.
4) Activated macrophages then undergo phagocytosis of the offending antigen, a process in which the macrophage engulfs and destroys the antigen.
5) The macrophage also secretes cytokines, including interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor, which overall contribute to the body's immune response and facilitate the healing process.
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